Scale insects of northeastern North America

Plot

General morphology of Coccinea. Life cycle, biology and dispersal. Genetics and endosymbionts. Phylogeny. Ecology of Coccinea. Geographical distribution. Economic importance. Prevention and control of infestation. Preparation of material for study. Systematic section. Key to the suborders of Homoptera. Key to superfamilies and families of Coccinea. Field key to the families of Coccinea in the NENA region. Color figures of common species. Superfamily Orthezioidea - primitive Coccoids. Family Margarodidae - Margarodid scales. Family Ortheziidae. Super family Coccoidea - advanced coccoids. Family Pseudoccocidae - mealybugs. Family Eriococcidae - felt scales, eriococcids. Family cryptococcidae - bark-crevice scales. Family kermesidae - gall-like scales. Family asterolecaniidae - pit scales. Family cerococcidae - ornate pit scales, lecanodiaspidis. Family aclerdidae - flat grass scales. Family coccidae - soft scales, coccids. Family diaspididae - armored scales.